What is Exercise-Induced Asthma?

You eat right, exercise regularly, and push your body to its limits—but what happens when exercise itself triggers breathing difficulties? If you experience coughing, wheezing, or shortness of breath during workouts, you may have exercise-induced asthma, also known as exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB).

What Is Exercise-Induced Asthma?

Exercise-induced bronchoconstriction (EIB) occurs when airways in the lungs narrow in response to strenuous physical activity. While commonly referred to as exercise-induced asthma, EIB is not actually the root cause of asthma—it’s a temporary restriction of airflow triggered by exercise.

The term bronchoconstriction explains the condition:

• "Broncho-" refers to the bronchi (airways in the lungs).
• "Constriction" means narrowing of these airways.

Although EIB can feel alarming, most individuals can continue exercising with proper treatment and symptom management.

Symptoms of Exercise-Induced Asthma

Symptoms can begin during exercise or shortly after a workout and may last for an hour or more if untreated. Common signs include:

• Coughing (persistent or worsens with exertion)
• Wheezing (whistling sound when breathing)
• Shortness of breath
• Chest tightness or pain
• Fatigue during exercise
• Decline in athletic performance
• Avoiding activity due to breathing discomfort

What Triggers Exercise-Induced Asthma?

Certain environmental and physical conditions can increase the likelihood of EIB, including:

• Cold or dry air
• Chlorine exposure in swimming pools
• Air pollution or high pollen levels
• Strong cleaning products or chemicals in gym environments

Diagnosing Exercise-Induced Asthma

If you suspect you have exercise-induced asthma, a doctor will conduct tests to assess lung function and breathing capacity. This may include:

• Spirometry Test – Measures how much air you inhale and exhale, as well as how quickly you can breathe out.
• Exercise Challenge Test – May involve running on a treadmill to monitor lung function under exertion.

These tests help rule out other respiratory conditions that may mimic asthma symptoms.

Treatment for Exercise-Induced Asthma

The good news? EIB is treatable! Once diagnosed, your doctor may recommend:

1. Pre-Exercise Inhaler

• Short-acting bronchodilators (such as albuterol) may be prescribed to open the airways before exercise.
• Typically used 15–30 minutes before physical activity.

2. Long-Term Asthma Control Medications

• If symptoms persist, a long-term medication like corticosteroids may be prescribed to reduce airway inflammation.
• This is more common in individuals with chronic asthma in addition to EIB.

3. Lifestyle Modifications

• Gradual Warm-Ups & Cool-Downs – Helps prepare airways for activity.
• Exercise in Humid Environments – If cold or dry air is a trigger, try indoor workouts or swimming.
• Use a Scarf or Mask in Cold Weather – Helps warm the air before breathing it in.

When to See a Doctor

You should consult a doctor if:

• You frequently experience shortness of breath during or after exercise.
• Your pre-exercise inhaler is not working effectively.
• Symptoms interfere with your fitness goals or daily life.

Expert Asthma Treatment at BASS Medical Group

At BASS Medical Group, our experienced doctors specialize in diagnosing and treating all types of asthma, including exercise-induced bronchoconstriction. We can help you find the best treatment plan so you can stay active without compromising your breathing.

Schedule an appointment today to discuss your symptoms and treatment options.