Ovarian Cancer: Warning Signs, Symptoms, and Treatment

Understanding Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer is a serious disease that affects women of all ages. It occurs when tumors develop on or around the ovaries, and while some may be benign (non-cancerous), others can be borderline (low malignant potential) or malignant (cancerous). Because early detection is crucial, recognizing the warning signs and seeking medical care can greatly improve outcomes.

Key Facts About Ovarian Cancer

• 1 in 91 women will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer in their lifetime.
• Early detection improves survival rates—if diagnosed at an early stage, the five-year survival rate is over 90%.
• If diagnosed in later stages, survival rates can 20% or lower.
• Ovarian cancer is not always the first condition doctors check for, which is why knowing the symptoms is critical.

Common Symptoms of Ovarian Cancer

Ovarian cancer symptoms can often be subtle and mistaken for other conditions. If you experience any of the following persistently, it’s important to speak with a doctor:

• Persistent bloating
• Feeling full quickly or loss of appetite
• Abdominal swelling
• Fatigue and unexplained weight changes
• Pelvic or abdominal pain
• Lower back pain
• Changes in bowel habits (constipation or diarrhea)
• Pain during intercourse
• Nausea or vomiting

Because ovarian cancer is rare, these symptoms may initially be attributed to digestive issues or hormonal changes. If symptoms persist or worsen, early testing is essential.

Diagnostic Tests for Ovarian Cancer

If ovarian cancer is suspected, a doctor may recommend one or more of the following tests:

• Family history screening: To identify any genetic links to ovarian or cervical cancer.
• Pelvic exam: A physical examination of the ovaries and uterus.
• Transvaginal ultrasound: Imaging to check the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
• CA-125 blood test: Measures tumor markers that may indicate ovarian cancer.
• Medication trial: In some cases, doctors may prescribe medication to observe symptom improvement.

Ovarian Cancer Treatment Options

Treatment depends on the stage of the cancer at diagnosis. The most common treatment options include:

1. Surgery

• In stage one, it may be possible to remove only the tumor and affected ovary.
• In later stages (2, 3, or 4), surgery is performed to remove the tumor, both ovaries, affected organs, and lymph nodes.

2. Chemotherapy

• Often recommended after surgery to eliminate any remaining cancer cells.
• Can be used before surgery (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) to shrink tumors for easier removal.

3. Fertility-Preserving Options

• If diagnosed early, it may be possible to remove only one ovary and fallopian tube, preserving fertility.
• Advanced stages may require a complete hysterectomy, significantly reducing fertility preservation options.

4. Radiation Therapy

• Uses high-energy X-rays to destroy cancer cells and prevent tumor growth.
• Less commonly used for ovarian cancer but may be recommended in certain cases.

Prioritizing Women’s Health: Get Checked Today

Ovarian cancer is difficult to detect in its early stages, making regular checkups and awareness of symptoms essential. If you experience persistent symptoms, it’s important to seek medical advice as soon as possible.

Expert Women’s Health Care at BASS Medical Group

At BASS Medical Group, our specialists provide comprehensive women’s health services, including ovarian cancer screenings and treatment guidance. Schedule a consultation today to take proactive steps for your health.