What Are Mini-Strokes? What Should You Do if You Get One?

Understanding Mini-Strokes (TIA)

A mini-stroke, medically known as a transient ischemic attack (TIA), is a temporary disruption in blood flow to the brain. Although symptoms resolve within minutes to hours, a TIA is a serious warning sign that a full stroke may follow—often within 48 hours.

Did you know?
1 in 4 people who experience a mini-stroke will experience another TIA or full stroke within three months. Immediate medical attention is crucial.

Recognizing the Signs: BE FAST

Use the acronym BE FAST to quickly identify signs of a stroke or mini-stroke:

• B – Balance: Sudden dizziness, loss of coordination, or trouble walking
• E – Eyes: Blurred, double, or sudden loss of vision
• F – Face: Facial drooping on one side
• A – Arms: Weakness or numbness in one arm or leg
• S – Speech: Slurred, confused, or difficulty speaking
• T – Time: If any of these are present, call 911 immediately

Additional Warning Signs of a Mini-Stroke

Beyond the BE FAST checklist, watch for these symptoms:

1. Sudden headache, especially localized to one side
2. Fainting (syncope), particularly if blood vessels in the brainstem are involved
3. Persistent hiccups lasting over 48 hours, especially with chest discomfort

What Causes a Mini-Stroke (TIA)?

A TIA occurs when a blood clot temporarily blocks a blood vessel in the brain. Unlike a full stroke, the blockage is short-lived and doesn’t cause permanent damage—but it shares the same root causes, such as:

• Atherosclerosis (cholesterol plaques)
• High blood pressure
• Diabetes
• Heart disease
• Smoking

What Happens After a Mini-Stroke?

Even though symptoms go away, a TIA should never be ignored. The risk of a full stroke increases dramatically. Your doctor will likely evaluate:

• Blood pressure, blood sugar, and cholesterol
• Heart health (EKG or echocardiogram)
• Carotid arteries and blood vessels (ultrasound or CT angiogram)

Good news:
If addressed quickly, you can reduce your risk of a full stroke by up to 80% with medications and lifestyle changes.

Possible Stroke Aftermath if Left Untreated

Ignoring a mini-stroke can lead to a full stroke and long-term complications, including:

• Memory and concentration issues
• Muscle weakness or paralysis
• Speech and swallowing difficulties
• Emotional challenges, like depression
• Chronic fatigue or sleep problems

When to See a Doctor

If you or someone you know shows signs of a TIA—even if they go away—seek emergency medical care. Early intervention is your best chance at preventing permanent damage or death from a future stroke.

Consult with a Neurology Specialist at BASS Medical Group

Stroke Prevention Starts with Proactive Care

At BASS Medical Group, our neurology team provides:

• Preventive stroke screenings
• Medication management
• Surgical options when needed
• Ongoing lifestyle and risk factor counseling

Visit our website to schedule an appointment or learn more