Mastectomy: What to Expect During a Breast Reconstruction Surgery

Choosing to undergo a mastectomy with breast reconstruction—whether for breast cancer treatment or preventive care—is a deeply personal and emotional journey. Understanding each step of the process can help you feel more prepared and confident about your decision.

What Is a Mastectomy?

A mastectomy is the surgical removal of one or both breasts, partially or fully. Over 100,000 women in the U.S. undergo a mastectomy each year. Some choose breast reconstruction at the same time, while others delay reconstruction until after recovery or treatment.

Before Surgery: Preparing for Your Mastectomy and Reconstruction

You’ll meet with your breast surgeon and plastic surgeon to review surgical options, incision locations, and reconstruction plans. You may undergo imaging tests and lab work beforehand.

Tip: Many doctors recommend connecting with support groups or mental health professionals before surgery for emotional support.

What Happens During the Surgery?

Step-by-Step Overview:

• Incision Mapping: Your surgeon may mark the skin with a surgical marker while you’re sitting up.
• Anesthesia: You’ll be placed under general anesthesia.
• Breast Tissue Removal: All breast tissue is removed—from the collarbone to the ribs and breastbone.
• Reconstruction Begins (If Immediate): A plastic surgeon begins reconstruction using either implants or tissue from another part of your body.
• Drain Placement: Surgical drains are inserted to prevent fluid buildup.
• Closure & Dressing: The incisions are closed, and the chest is wrapped in gauze or a compression bandage.

Surgery Duration:

• Mastectomy alone: ~2–3 hours
• Mastectomy + reconstruction: 4+ hours, depending on the procedure

What to Expect During Recovery

Immediate Post-Surgery

• Pain and Soreness: Managed with prescription or over-the-counter medication
• Limited Arm Movement: Especially on the surgical side
• Drain Care: Drains remain for 1–2 weeks; you’ll be taught how to clean and record output

Long-Term Recovery

• Light Activities: Most can return to daily tasks within 2–4 weeks
• Full Recovery: May take 6–8 weeks or longer depending on reconstruction type
• Follow-Up Visits: To monitor healing, check drain sites, and discuss the next steps

Emotional Healing and Support

It’s common to feel a range of emotions after a mastectomy and reconstruction. Body image changes, grief, and anxiety are all valid responses. You are not alone.

Helpful Support Resources:

• Oncology social workers
• Breast cancer survivor groups
• Body image counseling

What Specialists Will You Work With?

Depending on your treatment plan, your care team may include:

• Breast Surgeon – Performs the mastectomy
• Plastic/Reconstructive Surgeon – Performs breast reconstruction using implants or autologous tissue
• Medical Oncologist – Coordinates cancer treatment like chemo or hormone therapy
• Radiation Oncologist – Manages radiation treatment plans
• Primary Care Provider (PCP) – Monitors your overall health throughout treatment
• Physical Therapist – Helps restore mobility and reduce swelling
• Mental Health Support – Offers guidance for coping with the emotional aspects of surgery

Personalized Breast Reconstruction at BASS Medical Group

At BASS Medical Group, our integrated care team includes breast surgeons, plastic surgeons, and oncologists working together to provide expert care before, during, and after surgery.

We’ll guide you through every step of your journey, from diagnosis to healing.

Schedule a consultation with our BASS Cancer Center in Walnut Creek to explore your mastectomy and reconstruction options.