Everything You Need to Know About the Monkeypox Vaccine

With over 24,000 cases reported worldwide, monkeypox has become a growing global health concern. Although the virus is less severe than smallpox, it still poses a risk—especially to those with compromised immune systems. One of the most effective tools in curbing outbreaks is the monkeypox vaccine.

If you’ve asked yourself, “Is there a monkeypox vaccine?”, the answer is yes. In fact, several smallpox-based vaccines have shown promise in protecting against monkeypox.

What Is Monkeypox?

Monkeypox is a viral infection caused by the monkeypox virus, a relative of smallpox. Symptoms typically appear within three weeks of exposure and include:

• Fever and body aches
• Fatigue
• Rash that turns into blisters or pustules
• Swollen lymph nodes

The virus is spread through prolonged skin-to-skin contact and can affect people of all ages.

Which Monkeypox Vaccines Are Available?

There are currently three main vaccines being considered to fight monkeypox:

1. JYNNEOS (MVA-BN):

• FDA-approved for both monkeypox and smallpox
• Administered in two doses, four weeks apart
• Cannot replicate in the body, making it safer for immunocompromised individuals

2. ACAM2000:

• Approved for smallpox, but may be used for monkeypox with additional authorization
• Uses a live virus that can replicate
• Can cause side effects and is not recommended for those with weakened immune systems

3. LC16m8:

• Approved for smallpox in Japan
• Also a live vaccine, with similar risks to ACAM2000

Why Use a Smallpox Vaccine for Monkeypox?

Monkeypox and smallpox viruses are both poxviruses—genetically similar, with an 85% match. This similarity allows smallpox vaccines to offer cross-protection.

The JYNNEOS vaccine uses a weakened vaccinia virus that cannot reproduce in the body, making it the safest option.

How Is the Monkeypox Vaccine Administered?

JYNNEOS is typically given as:

• Two doses, 28 days apart
• Fully effective two weeks after the second dose
• For adults 18+, it may be given intradermally or subcutaneously
• For minors under 18, it’s only given via subcutaneous injection

Even after vaccination, continue practicing safe habits and avoid close contact with anyone showing symptoms.

Side Effects and Considerations

Most people tolerate the JYNNEOS vaccine well. You may experience:

• Mild injection site pain
• Fatigue
• Low-grade fever

Avoid ACAM2000 or LC16m8 if you or someone you live with is immunocompromised, as these can cause more serious side effects.

What If You Think You Have Monkeypox?

If you’re showing any monkeypox symptoms—like a rash, swollen glands, or fever—don’t wait. Contact a doctor to get evaluated. Testing involves a simple swab from a sore or lesion, and results help guide proper treatment and isolation protocols.

When to See a Doctor

You should consult a medical provider if:

• You’ve been exposed to someone with monkeypox
• You develop symptoms like rash, fever, or swollen lymph nodes
• You’re immunocompromised and unsure if you should be vaccinated

Find Trusted Care at BASS Medical Group

If you don’t have a provider, BASS Medical Group can help. Our team can assess your symptoms, recommend testing, and discuss whether vaccination is right for you.

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