SARS Explained: What It Is, How It Spread, and Whether It’s Still a Threat

What Is SARS?

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) is a serious respiratory illness caused by a type of coronavirus. It first emerged in southern China in late 2002 and quickly gained global attention for its rapid spread and high fatality rate. SARS is part of the same viral family as the common cold and COVID-19.

Though SARS was officially contained by 2004, its legacy still shapes how we approach global health threats today.

Where Did SARS Originate?

SARS was first identified in Guangdong Province, China. Researchers believe it originated in animals, possibly bats or civet cats, and spread to humans through open-air wildlife markets—often called “wet markets.” These environments increase the risk of zoonotic transmission, where viruses jump from animals to humans.

Once SARS began spreading, it moved rapidly through international travel and close contact. In just a few months, it affected over two dozen countries.

How SARS Spread Globally

SARS is transmitted through respiratory droplets—much like the flu or common cold. When an infected person coughed, sneezed, or even spoke, tiny particles containing the virus entered the air and could be inhaled by others.

The virus also lived on surfaces like doorknobs, phones, and countertops. Without proper hand hygiene, it was easy to become infected by touching your face after contacting a contaminated surface.

SARS-CoV, the virus behind the outbreak, was a precursor to SARS-CoV-2—the virus that causes COVID-19. That’s why COVID-19 is often referred to as a close relative of SARS.

SARS vs. COVID-19: What’s the Difference?

Though both are coronaviruses and spread in similar ways, there are a few key differences:

Symptoms of SARS to Watch For

SARS and COVID-19 share many overlapping symptoms. If SARS were to return, symptoms might include:

• High fever (over 100.4°F)
• Chills and muscle aches
• Persistent dry cough
• Shortness of breath or labored breathing
• Headaches or fatigue
• Occasional diarrhea

In serious cases, SARS can lead to pneumonia, respiratory failure, or death.

Is SARS Still a Threat Today?

While SARS has not re-emerged since 2004, scientists and public health agencies continue to monitor related viruses. Many safety protocols established during the SARS outbreak helped shape the global response to COVID-19.

Although SARS itself is no longer circulating, the emergence of similar viruses—like COVID-19—reminds us that respiratory illnesses can resurface or mutate at any time.

How to Protect Yourself from Respiratory Viruses Like SARS

While SARS is not an active threat today, these precautions can help you avoid many respiratory illnesses:

• Wash your hands often with soap and warm water for at least 20 seconds.
• Avoid touching your face when in public areas.
• Disinfect high-touch surfaces like phones, keyboards, doorknobs, and countertops.
• Wear a mask in crowded or high-risk indoor areas, especially during flu or COVID season.
• Practice social distancing when sick or around someone with symptoms.

Seek Respiratory Care at BASS Medical Group

If you’re experiencing respiratory symptoms or have concerns about infectious illnesses like COVID-19 or similar viruses, the team at BASS Medical Group is here to help. Our expert providers offer comprehensive care across the Bay Area, including respiratory evaluations and infectious disease consultations.

Request an appointment today to protect your health and breathe easier.