Understanding Bird Flu: Recent Spread, Risks, and Key Differences from Seasonal Flu

In response to significant outbreaks of bird flu in Northern California and its potential threat to both public and animal health, Governor Gavin Newsom recently issued an emergency declaration. This highly pathogenic virus, also known as avian influenza, primarily affects birds but can occasionally infect humans, raising substantial public health concerns. This blog explores the implications of the current situation, why bird flu is spreading particularly in our region, the symptoms and risks associated with the virus, how it differs from the regular flu, and answers common questions about the safety of consuming chicken.

Why is Bird Flu Spreading So Much Recently?

The recent surge in bird flu cases in Northern California can be attributed to several factors:

• Increased Contact Between Wild and Farm Birds: Migratory patterns bring wild birds into closer contact with poultry farms in our region, facilitating the transmission of the virus.
• Global & Local Poultry Trade: The trade of live birds and poultry products, both internationally and locally, can spread the virus across borders and within our communities.
• Insufficient Biosecurity Measures: In some areas of Northern California, inadequate biosecurity measures in poultry farms allow the virus to spread unchecked.

Symptoms and Risks of Bird Flu

Bird flu symptoms in humans can vary but typically include:

• Respiratory Issues: Severe respiratory problems such as pneumonia, which can be fatal.
• Common Flu-Like Symptoms: Fever, sore throat, muscle pains, and headaches.
• Eye Infections (Conjunctivitis): Sometimes, the only symptom observed.

The risks are particularly high among those who work closely with poultry, such as farmers and veterinarians, especially in our local farming communities. The major concern with bird flu is its potential to mutate into a form that is highly contagious among humans, which could lead to a pandemic.

How Does Bird Flu Differ from Regular Flu?

Although both viruses cause flu-like symptoms, there are key differences:

• Species Affected: Regular flu affects humans, while bird flu primarily affects birds.
• Transmission: Seasonal flu spreads easily among people. Bird flu transmission from birds to humans is rare and usually requires direct contact with infected birds or their secretions.
• Severity: Bird flu tends to be more severe and deadly in humans than most strains of seasonal flu.

Can Cooked Chicken Still Carry Bird Flu?

It is safe to eat properly cooked poultry and poultry products, including eggs. Bird flu viruses are killed by heat, so cooking chicken to an internal temperature of 165 degrees Fahrenheit (74 degrees Celsius) ensures that any present virus is destroyed. However, handling raw poultry should be done with care, and good hygiene practices should be followed to avoid cross-contamination.

Preventative Measures for Individuals

While bird flu primarily affects birds, there are important steps individuals can take to minimize their risk of exposure and infection:

• Avoid Contact with Birds: Whether traveling abroad or at home, avoid visiting poultry farms, bird markets, and other places where live birds are kept. This reduces the chance of coming into contact with infected birds.
• Practice Good Hygiene: Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water after any contact with birds or after visiting places where birds are housed. Use alcohol-based hand sanitizers if soap and water are not available.
• Cook Poultry Properly: Ensure that all poultry products, including eggs and meat, are cooked to an internal temperature of at least 165 degrees Fahrenheit (74 degrees Celsius). Heat kills the bird flu virus, making cooked poultry safe to eat.
• Stay Informed: Keep up to date with local health advisories in Northern California, especially if there are reported outbreaks in your area.

• Use Protective Gear If Necessary: If you work in a profession that requires close contact with birds (such as poultry farming or wildlife management), wear appropriate protective clothing and equipment, such as gloves, masks, and goggles.
• Report Sick or Dead Birds: If you come across sick or dead birds, do not touch them. Report them to local wildlife authorities or health departments so they can take appropriate action.

Conclusion

Bird flu poses a significant risk primarily to birds, but understanding how to prevent human infection is crucial, especially for those in Northern California's high-risk areas or occupations. By following these guidelines, individuals can help protect themselves from the potential risks associated with this virus. As always, if you have concerns about bird flu or its prevention, consult healthcare providers at BASS Medical Group or your local health department for personalized advice and updates.

Medical Disclaimer: The information provided in this blog is for educational purposes only and is not intended as medical advice. BASS Medical Group does not endorse any specific claims or treatments mentioned. Individual results may vary, and it is essential to consult with a qualified healthcare professional before making any changes to your health regimen or treatment plan. Always seek the advice of your physician or other qualified health provider with any questions you may have regarding a medical condition.