Vascular Dementia and Heart Disease: How They’re Connected

Vascular dementia is the second most common form of dementia after Alzheimer’s disease. It happens when blood flow to the brain is reduced or blocked—leading to memory loss, confusion, and slower thinking. And one of its biggest risk factors? Heart disease.

Let’s explore the connection between your heart and brain—and how you can lower your risk.

What Is Vascular Dementia?

Vascular dementia is a form of cognitive decline caused by poor circulation to the brain. When blood vessels are damaged or blocked—such as during a stroke or due to long-term heart issues—brain cells don't get the oxygen they need to function.

Types of Vascular Dementia:

• Multi-Infarct Dementia: Caused by a series of small strokes
• Mixed Dementia: A combination of vascular dementia and Alzheimer’s disease

How Is Heart Disease Linked to Dementia?

Your brain relies on healthy blood vessels to supply oxygen. When those vessels are damaged by heart disease, brain cells begin to deteriorate. Over time, this can affect memory, problem-solving, and even mood.

Shared Risk Factors Include:

• High blood pressure (hypertension)
• Diabetes or insulin resistance
• Smoking or heavy alcohol use
• Poor circulation or cholesterol levels
• Sedentary lifestyle

A major Johns Hopkins University study followed 16,000 people for 25 years and confirmed that uncontrolled cardiovascular risks in midlife significantly increased dementia risk later on.

A healthy heart means a healthier brain. Protecting one supports the other.

How to Protect Both Your Brain and Heart

Taking steps to improve your heart health can also help reduce your risk of developing vascular dementia. Here's how:

• Control blood pressure and cholesterol with regular checkups‍
• Eat a balanced diet low in sugar and saturated fats‍
• Manage diabetes through medication and lifestyle changes‍
• Stay active with 30 minutes of movement most days‍
• Quit smoking and limit alcohol
• Stay mentally and socially engaged to strengthen cognitive reserves

Even small lifestyle changes can make a big difference over time.

Know the Signs of Vascular Dementia

Symptoms may develop gradually or after a major event like a stroke. Early signs include:

• Short-term memory loss
• Difficulty focusing or organizing thoughts
• Mood changes or depression
• Trouble with decision-making
• Walking problems or balance issues

If you or a loved one notice these signs, talk to a doctor right away. Early diagnosis and intervention can slow progression and improve quality of life.

Vascular Dementia & Heart Health Specialists in the Bay Area

At BASS Medical Group, we understand how closely your heart and brain health are linked. Our team of specialists offers comprehensive care to help you manage risk factors, monitor symptoms, and protect your cognitive function.

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